Risk Index Research Articles

Pediatric psychoSocial Risk Index: Factor Analysis and Item Reduction Study.

The Pediatric psychoSocial Risk Index (PSRI) is psychosocial risk screening instrument for health practitioners. The objective of this study was to confirm validity evidence of a truncated version of PSRI. PSRI was completed initially by 100 parents of children aged 0 to 18 years admitted to a tertiary hospital; 50 parents repeated the PSRI 3 days later. Analysis includes principal component analysis (PCA) to include the least number of items that explain the most variance in a shortened version of PSRI as well as confirming test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the shortened instrument. PSRI originally had 86 items, 85 close-ended items were analyzed. Three items were excluded because of missing test-retest data. Item reduction resulted in truncation of 16 items; 66 items remained. A Kaiser-Mayer-Orkin test of sampling adequacy resulted in reduction of 14 items; 52 items remained. Initial PCA led to reduction of 26 items. The PCA was rerun on remaining items, resulting in reduction of 6 further items; 18 items remained. Two items with >10% missingness were removed leaving 16 items in the final PSRI. Test-retest reliability was 0.98 and mean within-person across-item reliability was 0.95. Cronbach α was 0.9. Remaining items represented 9 social risk themes: food insecurity, medical complexity, home environment, behavioral issues, financial insecurity, parenting confidence, parental mental health, social support, and unmet medical needs. PSRI was reduced from 86 to 16 items with high internal consistency and reliability. PSRI demonstrates adequate validity supporting practitioners to screen families about their psychosocial risk.

The Glycemia Risk Index Predicts Performance of Diabetes Self-Management Habits in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

The Glycemia Risk Index (GRI) was developed in adults with diabetes and is a validated metric of quality of glycemia. Little is known about the relationship between GRI and type 1 diabetes (T1D) self-management habits, a validated assessment of youths' engagement in habits associated with glycemic outcomes. We retrospectively examined the relationship between GRI and T1D self-management habits in youth with T1D who received care from a Midwest pediatric diabetes clinic network. The GRI was calculated using seven days of continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data, and T1D self-management habits were assessed ±seven days from the GRI score. A mixed-effects Poisson regression model was used to evaluate the total number of habits youth engaged in with GRI, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), age, race, ethnicity, and insurance type as fixed effects and participant ID as a random effect to account for multiple clinic visits per individual. The cohort included 1182 youth aged 2.5 to 18.0 years (mean = 13.8, SD = 3.5) comprising 50.8% male, 84.6% non-Hispanic White, and 64.8% commercial insurance users across a total of 6029 clinic visits. Glycemia Risk Index scores decreased as total number of habits performed increased, suggesting youth who performed more self-management habits achieved a higher quality of glycemia. In youth using CGMs, GRI may serve as an easily obtainable metric to help identify youth with above target glycemia, and engagement/disengagement in the T1D self-management habits may inform clinicians with suitable interventions for improving glycemic outcomes.

Ambulatory Cardiology or General Internal Medicine Assessment Prior to Scheduled Major Vascular Surgery is Associated with Improved Outcomes.

To characterize the association between ambulatory cardiology or general internal medicine (GIM) assessment prior to surgery and outcomes following scheduled major vascular surgery. Cardiovascular risk assessment and management prior to high-risk surgery remains an evolving area of care. This is population-based retrospective cohort study of all adults who underwent scheduled major vascular surgery in Ontario, Canada, April 1, 2004-March 31, 2019. Patients who had an ambulatory cardiology and/or GIM assessment within 6 months prior to surgery were compared to those who did not. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included: composite of 30-day mortality, myocardial infarction or stroke; 30-day cardiovascular death; 1-year mortality; composite of 1-year mortality, myocardial infarction or stroke; and 1-year cardiovascular death. Cox proportional hazard regression using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to mitigate confounding by indication. Among 50,228 patients, 20,484 (40.8%) underwent an ambulatory assessment prior to surgery: 11,074 (54.1%) with cardiology, 8,071 (39.4%) with GIM and 1,339 (6.5%) with both. Compared to patients who did not, those who underwent an assessment had a higher Revised Cardiac Risk Index (N with Index over 2= 4,989[24.4%] vs. 4,587[15.4%], P<0.001) and more frequent pre-operative cardiac testing (N=7,772[37.9%] vs. 6,113[20.6%], P<0.001) but, lower 30-day mortality (N=551[2.7%] vs. 970[3.3%], P<0.001). After application of IPTW, cardiology or GIM assessment prior to surgery remained associated with a lower 30-day mortality (weighted Hazard Ratio [95%CI] = 0.73 [0.65-0.82]) and a lower rate of all secondary outcomes. Major vascular surgery patients assessed by a cardiology or GIM physician prior to surgery have better outcomes than those who are not. Further research is needed to better understand potential mechanisms of benefit.

Musculoskeletal disorders and risk indicators for pain chronification among German dentists: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal (MS) disorders in practicing German dentists and identify risk factors for pain chronification. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, quantitative, questionnaire-based study in which the validated German version of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire was sent out to practicing German dentists. ResultsOf the 8,072 questionnaires sent out, 576 dentists responded (60.2% men, 39.8% women; mean [SD] age, 50 [10.1] years; response rate, 7.1%). Overall, 344 dentists had current pain at 719 pain sites (point prevalence, 59.7%). The risk of chronic pain in dentists with current MS pain was high in 28.5% (n = 98), moderate in 30.5% (n = 105), and low in 41% (n = 141). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that specialization in restorative dentistry was associated with a significantly higher risk of experiencing pain chronification (odds ratio [OR], 3.94; P = .008), followed by specialization in pediatric dentistry (OR, 0.35; P = .048). A history of current pain, particularly current leg pain, was predictive of higher chronification risk (OR, 22.0; P < .001) and neck pain (OR, 4.51; P = .001). ConclusionsAlmost two-thirds of practicing German dentists have MS pain, and one-third of these have a moderate through high risk of developing pain chronification. These health problems have an adverse impact on their ability to successfully perform dental services, with the potential for prolonged sick leave, disability, and early retirement. Accordingly, these problems deserve greater attention from the scientific community (identification of risk factors), universities (sensitization and education), and policy makers (development and implementation of appropriate countermeasures for MS disorders in the dental profession). Practical ImplicationsKnowing the risk factors associated with acute and chronic MS pain may help dentists take preventive measures and thereby improve their physical well-being and work-related quality of life.

Hydrochemical characterization and comprehensive water quality assessment of groundwater within the main stream area of Yishu River.

To gain a comprehensive understanding of the hydrochemical characteristics, controlling factors, and water quality of groundwater in the main stream area of Yishu River (MSYR), a study was conducted using water quality data collected during both the dry and wet seasons. Through statistical analysis, hydrochemical methods, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and health risk evaluation modeling, the water chemical characteristics of the main stream area of Yishu River were studied, and the water quality of the area was comprehensively evaluated. The findings indicate that HCO3- and Ca2+ are the predominant anions and cations in the MSYR during the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Moreover, anion concentration in groundwater follows HCO3-  > SO42-  > NO3-  > Cl-, while cations are ranked as Ca2+  > Na+  > Mg2+  > K+. Overall, the groundwater manifests as weakly alkaline and is predominantly classified as hard-fresh water. During the wet season, there is greater groundwater leaching and filtration, with rock and soil materials more readily transferred to groundwater, and the concentrations of main chemical components in groundwater are higher than those during the dry season, and the hydrochemical types are primarily characterized as HCO3-Ca·Mg and SO4·Cl-Ca·Mg types. These results also suggest that the chemical composition of the groundwater in the MSYR is influenced mainly by water-rock interaction. The primary ions originate from the dissolution of silicate rock and carbonate rock minerals, while cation exchange plays a critical role in the hydrogeochemical process. Groundwater in the MSYR is classified mostly as class II water, indicating that it is generally of good quality. However, areas with high levels of class IV and V water are present locally, and NO3- concentration is a crucial factor affecting groundwater quality. In the wet season, more groundwater and stronger mobility lead to greater mobility of NO3- and wider diffusion. Therefore, the risk evaluation model shows that nitrate health risk index is higher in the wet season than it is in the dry season, with children being more vulnerable to health risks than adults. To study groundwater in this area, its hydrochemical characteristics, water quality, and health risk assessment are of great practical significance for ensuring water safety for residents and stable development of social economy.

Assessment of Water Quality, Ecological and Health Risks of Inland Water Bodies in Mexico: A Case Study of Lake Chapala

Water security threatens the world's population, so the assessment of the quality of water in reservoirs is one of the priority issues and represents a challenge for the sustainability of ecosystems and the human population. The aim is to evaluate the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals of the water of Lake Chapala to evaluate its water quality, during the period 2010-2023, and to estimate the ecological and health risks. The results will provide valuable information on water quality management and protection of human health. The design is an ecological study, using water quality, pollution risk, ecological and health risk indices. The place and duration of the study is the Lake Chapala during the period 2010-2023. The methodology consisted of obtaining the quality data of the Water Lake Chapala through the State Water Commission, the National Water Commission and studies conducted by the University of Guadalajara. The analyses were conducted on a monthly basis from 2010 to 2023. Subsequently, the CWQI, WQI, NP, HPI, HEI, DC, PERI, HQ, HI, THI, CR and TCR indices were calculated to determine water quality and ecological and health risks. The results showed que the distribution of parameter concentration showed great spatial variation, but not temporal; the TDS, Turbidity, pH, Al, As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn with percentages above the CCME standard, but most of them within the NOM-001-SEMARNAT-2021. The heavy metals Al, As, Cr, Pb and Zn have concentration percentages of more than 100% with respect to the international standard. The remaining 14 parameters are within both national and international standards. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that none of the trace elements have positive correlations with each other. Water quality according to the WQI of 178 was categorized as poor quality, while for the CWQI almost all uses except grazing, water quality is poor (20-35). According to the NP index (3.8 to 670), the concentrations of heavy metals showed high levels of contamination. The HPI index (88.6) showed moderate to high levels of heavy metal contamination. The HEI index showed &lt;10 levels, indicating low contamination. The DC had a value of 0.2-18.2, classified as a high degree of contamination. The PERI index showed that the ecological risk from heavy metals is high. Non-carcinogenic risk indices indicate that lake water is not suitable for drinking, and poses a high health risk via ingestion, while dermal contact does not pose a health risk to residential and recreational recipients. The carcinogenic risk index is negligible to acceptable. The conclusion is according to the water quality, ecological and health risk indices, the water quality of Lake Chapala is poor, with a high degree of contamination and represents ecological and health risks (non-carcinogenic). It is recommended that the use of lake water does not include its ingestion to avoid health problems, and it is important to take measures to sanitize the lake to avoid ecological and health risks.

Bioaccumulation of arsenic in fish (Labeo rohita) in presence of periphyton: ameliorative effect on oxidative stress, physiological condition, immune response and risk assessment.

The present study explores the use of periphyton to ameliorate toxic properties of arsenic (As) to Labeo rohita and also assesses the human food safety aspects. Fish were introduced to arsenite [As(III)] contaminated water (0.3 and 3mg/L) along with periphyton. Biochemical, physiological and immunological parameters, including gene expression, were assessed after 30days of exposure. Periphyton incorporation significantly improved (p < 0.05) the adverse effects of As on respiration, NH3 excretion and brain AChE activity by reducing oxidative stress and As bioaccumulation. The presence of periphyton in As(III) exposed fish (3mg/L) increased the immune response (Immunoglobulin M and Complement C3) in the serum and the regulation of the respective immune genes in the anterior kidney was found to be similar to the control. A speciation study using LC-ICP-MS confirmed the high accumulation of As by periphyton (5.0-31.9μg/g) as arsenate [As (V)], resulting in a lower amount of As in fish muscle. The calculated human health risk indices, Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Target Cancer risk (TCR) indicate that fish grown in periphyton-treated water may lower the human health risks associated with As. The study signifies the importance of periphyton-based aquaculture systems in As contaminated regions for safe fish production with enhanced yield.

A comparative study of the risk assessment and heavy metal contamination of coastal sediments in the Red sea, Egypt, between the cities of El-Quseir and Safaga

This study aimed to assess the influence of pollution on the quality of sediments and the risks associated with El-Qusier and Safaga Cities, Red Sea, Egypt, during 2021, divided into four sectors, using multiple pollution indices. To achieve that, we evaluated the metal pollution index (MPI), contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI), contamination security index (CSI), and anthropogenicity (Anp%). Moreover, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks are used for human health hazards. Results indicated that Mn and Fe recorded the highest concentrations, whereas Cd had the lowest. El-Quseir City sediments were found the following metal ions: Fe > Mn > Ni > Zn > Cu > Co > Pb > Cd, where the order in the Safaga City was: Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Co > Cd. MPI > 1, this is alarming in the study area due to heavy metal pollution. In addition, Cf < 1 in all metals except Cd with contamination degree CD ranged from low to considerable contamination in El-Qusier city. In contrast, contamination ranged from significant to very high in Safaga city. PLI < 1 is lower than the reference at all monitored stations. CSI values ranged from relatively low to moderate. Besides Cd, data reflect each element's low environmental danger (EriMe40). This study's risk index (RI) is low to moderate in Sector 1 and high to extremely high in Sector 2. HQ and HI index < 1 means it is safe for human health in order: HI ingestion > HI dermal. CSR for different pathways was recorded as dermal > ingestion, in which total CSR for all paths is considered harmful, and the cancer risk is troublesome and higher than the reference ranges of 1 × 10–6–1 × 10–4. In conclusion, the examined heavy metals provide environmental hazards across the assessed locations.

Association between the geriatric nutritional risk index and clinical outcomes among peritoneal dialysis patients: A meta-analysis.

To identify the relationship between the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and clinical outcomes in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). The PubMed, EBASE, Web of Science and CNKI databases were searched for available studies up to December 25, 2023. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes included the incidence of PD dropout, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), technique failure and peritonitis. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to evaluate the predictive value of the GNRI for the occurrence of the above endpoints. Ten cohort studies with 3897 patients were included. The pooled results demonstrated that a lower GNRI was significantly associated with a greater incidence of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55-0.91; P = .007). In addition, a decreased GNRI predicted the occurrence of dropout from PD (HR = 0.971, 95% CI: 0.945-0.998, P = .034) and MACCE (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98, P = .001). However, no significant associations of the GNRI with technique failure (P = .167) or peritonitis (P = .96) were observed. A low GNRI is significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes and might serve as a novel and valuable prognostic indicator among PD patients.

FOREST FIRES RISK IN A SEMI ARID REGION: A CASE STUDY IN WESTERN ALGERIA

Purpose: The objective of this study was to measure the fire risk of forests and to compare areas with high sensitivity to forest fires.   Theoretical Framework: Many authors have demonstrated the fragility of Algerian forests in the face of fires (Belhadj, 2003; Souidi et al., 2010 and 2017). In this research paper, the researchers focused on identifying the factors responsible for the risk of forest fires in Algeria using a state-of-the-art tool, the Geographic Information System (GIS). The researchers explained a scientific process for exploring new indicators using GIS, and showed how to develop a forest fire risk map.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The elaboration of the fire risk map requires the application of a model set up, and tested on forest areas in the Mediterranean region. The applied model involves the three main factors of forest fire risk assessment: topomorphology, fuel, and human occupation.   Findings: According to the results obtained, our study area is dominated by a very high risk index. In addition, more than half of the surface area of our study zone is located in topomorphological conditions that are highly conducive to the multiplication of fires and can increase the risk of forest fires breaking out. This study will help us to better control the risk of fires and to manage fire-fighting operations in the field.   Research, Practical &amp; Social Implications: Mapping the risk of forest fires using GIS will help land managers and planners to identify sensitive areas for better preservation and intervention in the event of fire.   Originality/Value: The results show that the number of forest fires is increasing over time and that managing them is becoming increasingly difficult. The use of a GIS for all stakeholder and managers will make it possible to combat forest fires.

Abstract PO5-01-11: Breast Cancer Index and comparative analysis of late distant recurrence risk with results from the TEAM trial

Abstract Background: Individualized risk assessment of distant recurrence (DR) is critical for early-stage HR+ breast cancer patients, as prolonged risk of recurrence continues even after completing 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy. The Breast Cancer Index (BCI) is a guideline-endorsed, validated gene expression assay that provides an individualized risk of overall (0-10y) and late (5-10y) DR and predicts the likelihood of benefit from extended endocrine therapy. The current BCI assay reports prognostic risk estimates based on tamoxifen-treated patients from the Stockholm (STO-3) cohort for node-negative (N0) patients, enrolled between 1976 through 1990 and a retrospective cohort from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) for patients with 1 to 3 positive nodes (N1), diagnosed between 1993 and 2007, of which approximately 50% were tamoxifen-treated. More recently, additional validation was completed in the Tamoxifen and Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational (TEAM) trial, in which patients were enrolled between 2001 and 2006. Here, individualized DR risk estimates from the TEAM trial were compared with those from Stockholm and MGH cohorts. Methods: For the TEAM translational study, BCI testing was performed blinded to clinical outcome and BCI and BCIN+ risk scores were calculated as previously described. A total of 2910 postmenopausal patients with HR+ breast cancer, including 1285 N0 and 1625 N1 patients, who remained DR-free for five years were analyzed to determine the risk of late DR. Cox proportional hazard models using Breslow estimates were used to calculate the risk of late DR as a function of continuous BCI risk scores. Results: Late DR risk estimates from both the TEAM trial and the Stockholm/MGH cohorts are summarized in the table below. In N0 patients, comparison of 5-10y risk estimates of late DR observed in TEAM patients were higher than those in the Stockholm cohort for BCI scores less than 8.0, but reduced for BCI scores greater than 8.0. Risk estimates differed by 1.5% for a BCI score of 0 and -4.3% for a BCI score of 10. A similar pattern was observed for N1 patients between the TEAM and MGH cohorts, with risk estimates from TEAM trial being higher for BCI scores less than 8.0 but reduced for BCI scores greater than 8.0 compared to those from the MGH cohort. Conclusions: BCI prognostic validation in the TEAM trial enabled the characterization of DR risk that is more compatible with the current standard of care in the US, as postmenopausal patients were all treated with at least 2-3 years or 5 years of primary adjuvant endocrine therapy with an aromatase inhibitor. Results from the TEAM study provide a more representative assessment of late DR risk to guide individualized treatment decision-making for HR+ early-stage breast cancer patients. Table. Citation Format: John MS Bartlett, Yi Zhang, Gregory Pond, Jenna Wong, Keying Xu, Melanie Spears, Elizabeth Mallon, Karen Taylor, Annette Hasenburg, Christos Markopoulos, Luc Dirix, Caroline Seynaeve, Cornelis J.H. van de Velde, Daniel Rea, Adam Brufsky, Olle Stål, Dennis Sgroi, Catherine Schnabel, Kai Treuner, Jane Bayani. Breast Cancer Index and comparative analysis of late distant recurrence risk with results from the TEAM trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO5-01-11.

Earthquake Disaster Risk Assessment in Purworejo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia

&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;Purworejo Regency is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean and is close to the Java subduction, so it is estimated to have a high earthquake risk index. This study aims to analyze the earthquake disaster risk in Purworejo District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Earthquake risk analysis methods follow Perka BNPB No 02 of 2012, including hazard, vulnerability, and capacity analysis. The disaster risk index combines the disaster, vulnerability, and capacity indexes. The findings of this study reveal the following: (1) 295 villages within Purworejo Regency fall into the high earthquake hazard category, primarily located in the southern region of Purworejo or near the Java subduction zone. (2) The high vulnerability to earthquakes is widespread across almost all villages in Purworejo Regency. The highest concentration of villages with a high vulnerability index is found in Ngombol District (57 villages), Butuh District (41 villages), and Purwodadi District (40 villages). (3) Purworejo Regency exhibits a capacity to cope with earthquakes that are not categorized as low. The majority, comprising 464 villages (93.92%), falls within the middle class, while 30 villages (6.08%) are classified as having a high capacity. (4) Within Purworejo Regency, 117 villages (23.7%) are at a high risk of earthquakes, and 376 villages face a moderate risk. Only one village has a low disaster risk index.&lt;/p&gt;

Experimental study for inorganic and organic profiling of toy makeup products: Estimating the potential threat to child health.

Inorganic elements are added to toys as impurities to give desired stability, brightness, flexibility, and color; however, these elements may cause numerous health issues after acute or chronic exposure. In this study, the inorganic profile of 14 elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Se, Sb, Pb, and Zn) in 63 toy makeup products was identified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry after microwave acid digestion method. Additionally, organic allergen fragrance was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The systemic exposure dosage (SED), margin of safety (MoS), lifetime cancer risk (LCR), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard indices were used to assess the safety evaluation. Then, 57 out of 63 samples (90.48%) exceeded the limits at least for one toxic element with descending order Ni > Cr > Co > Pb > Sb > Cd > As > Hg. The SED values were compared with tolerable daily intake values and remarkably differences were found for Al and Pb. The MoS values for 57.15% of samples exceeded the limit value for Al, As, Cd, Co, Hg, Mn, Sb, and Zn elements. The LCR values were observed at 100% (n = 63), 79.37% (n = 50), 85.71% (n = 54), 77.78% (n = 49), and 18.87% (n = 10) for Cr, Ni, As, Pb, and Cd, respectively. Also, the skin sensitization risks were obtained for Cr and Ni at 26.980% (n = 17) and 9.52% (n = 6), respectively. The HQ values for 80% of samples were found to be ≥ 1 at least for one parameter. The investigation of fragrance allergens in samples did not show any significant ingredients. As a result, toy makeup products marketed in local stores were found to be predominantly unsafe. Children should be protected from harmful chemicals by regular monitoring and strict measures.

Abstract PO4-14-05: Germline and acquired genetic variants and long-term cancer-related fatigue among survivors of early-stage breast cancer (BC)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggested that bio-behavioral models explain part of the variability of cancer-related fatigue, and pro-inflammatory and age-related processes emerged as contributors to persistent fatigue. However, the biological underpinnings of this complex symptom, including its relevant genomic correlates, are still poorly understood. We aimed to comprehensively explore the association of genetic variants with long-term cancer-related fatigue. METHODS: We used the prospective, multicenter, longitudinal CANcer TOxicity cohort, enrolling patients at diagnosis of stage I-III BC (NCT01993498). Outcomes included severe (≥40/100) global (EORTC QLQ-C30) as well as physical, emotional, and cognitive (FA12) fatigue at year (Y)1, Y2, and Y4 after BC diagnosis. Applying a hypothesis-driven approach, we investigated (i) germline genetic variants in a pre-specified Genetic Risk Index (GRI) assaying expression-regulating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter regions of 3 pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL1B [rs16944], IL6 [rs1800795], and TNF [rs1800629]; Bower J, JCO 2013; N=9035), and (ii) age-related expansions of hematopoietic clones carrying recurrent acquired mutations, commonly defined as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP; NGS with unique molecular identifiers for 17 genes [including DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, PPM1D, ATM, JAK2, and TP53]; N=1219). The contribution of GRI and CHIP to fatigue was assessed by multivariable logistic regression models. Taking an agnostic approach, we then performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of fatigue and 1,894,511 germline SNPs (Illumina InfiniumExome24/Illumina GSA24; N=9056). All genetic variants were assessed at BC diagnosis. Tested associations were adjusted by validated clinical predictors (Di Meglio A, JCO 2022). RESULTS: In the overall cohort (N=9056) mean age was 56.5 years (SD 11.2), 51.0% had stage II or III BC, 52.6% received chemotherapy, and 82.1% endocrine therapy. The prevalence of severe fatigue was 26.1% at diagnosis and increased to 36.5%, 34.3%, and 32.6% at Y1, Y2, and Y4 after diagnosis, respectively. Most patients (77.4%) had 3-6 high-frequency alleles across the 3 SNPs in the pro-inflammatory GRI. Among patients with available CHIP data, 15.2% and 3.7% had a Variant Allele Frequency (VAF) &amp;gt;2% and &amp;gt;10%, respectively. The pro-inflammatory GRI was not associated with fatigue outcomes. We found significant associations between CHIP and severe long-term global fatigue at Y4 (adjusted OR [95%CI]: VAF ≥2% vs &amp;lt; 2%, 1.64 [1.08-2.51], p=0.021; VAF ≥10% vs &amp;lt; 10%, 2.22 [1.00-4.94], p=0.050). The GWAS identified several regions (each including ≥2 SNPs) as associated with severe fatigue outcomes (suggestive p-value cut-off &amp;lt; 5 × 10−5; see Table for number of identified regions by outcome and respective nearby genes). Overlap in biological pathways was observed in some of the gene regions associated with global and physical fatigue, but not for emotional or cognitive fatigue. Common biological processes that were associated (FDR &amp;lt; 0.05) with such genes included synaptic transmission, hemoglobin-oxygen binding, and response to stress. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides suggestive association data between gene variants and long-term cancer-related fatigue. While previously reported associations with pro-inflammatory GRI were not confirmed, some biological processes that may inform the mechanistic understanding of this symptom emerged, including associations with aging and response to stress that warrant further exploration. ///: marks different regions. All association analyses were adjusted by age, body mass index, smoke behavior, pre-treatment fatigue, pain, insomnia, and anxiety, and by the first ten axes of principal component analysis of the genetic data to control for population stratification. There was no overlap in biological pathways for the gene regions associated with emotional or cognitive fatigue (gene regions not shown). Table. Genes in proximity of regions associated with severe fatigue outcomes Citation Format: Antonio Di Meglio, Emilie Thomas, Youenn Drouet, Jean-Baptiste Micol, Davide Soldato, Maria Alice Franzoi, Martina Pagliuca, Julie Havas, Anne-Laure Martin, Sibille Everhard, Celine Besse, Anne Boland, Christophe Marzac, Nathalie Droin, Sandrine Boyault, Marina Rousseau, Olivier Trédan, Paul Cottu, Christelle Jouannaud, Marion Fournier, Laurence Vanlemmens, Charles Coutant, Asma Dhaini Merimeche, Baptiste Sauterey, Florence Joly, Mario Campone, Florence Lerebours, Marie-Ange Mouret-Reynier, Olivier Rigal, Thierry Petit, Sophie Guillermet, Antoine Arnaud, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Sylvie Giacchetti, Florence Dalenc, Johanna Wassermann, Olivier Arsène, Ariane Darut-Jouve, Aurélie Bertaut, Fabrice André, Jean-Francois Deleuze, Alain Viari, Ines Vaz Luis. Germline and acquired genetic variants and long-term cancer-related fatigue among survivors of early-stage breast cancer (BC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-14-05.

Review of soil environment quality in India near coal mining regions: current and future predictions.

Production and utilization of coal are one of the primary routes of accumulation of Toxic Elements (TEs) in the soil. The exploration of trends in the accumulation of TEs is essential to establishing a soil pollution strategy, implementing cost-effective remediation, and early warnings of ecological risks. This study provides a comprehensive review of soil concentrations and future accumulation trends of various TEs (Cr, Ni, Pb, Co, Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, and As) in Indian coal mines. The findings revealed that average concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Co surpass India's natural background soil levels by factors of 2, 4.05, 5.32, 1.77, 9.6, and 6.15, respectively. Geo-accumulation index values revealed that 27.3%, 14.3%, and 7.7% of coal mines are heavily polluted by Ni, Co, and Cu, respectively. Also, the Potential Ecological Risk Index indicates that Cd and Ni are primary contaminants in coal mines. Besides, the health risk assessment reveals oral ingestion as the main exposure route for soil TMs. Children exhibit a higher hazard index than adults, with Pb and Cr being major contributors to their non-carcinogenic risk. In addition, carcinogenic risks exist for females and children, with Cr and Cu as primary contributors. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that TEs (except Cd) accumulated in the soil from anthropogenic sources. The assessment of future accumulation trends in soil TE concentrations reveals dynamic increases that significantly impact both the ecology and humans at elevated levels. This study signifies a substantial improvement in soil quality and risk management in mining regions.

Spatial distribution and pollution assessment of metals in sediments along the industrialized coast of East Java, Indonesia.

The eastern coastline of Gresik, located in East Java, Indonesia, experienced significant industrialization, leading to the development of numerous diverse sectors. These diverse industrial activities, in addition to other human activities, result in the contamination of sediment across the eastern coast of Gresik with a variety of metals. Metals like arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) have exceeded the international standards for sediment quality, potentially causing significant harm to the aquatic ecosystem in this coastal region. The results of the multivariate analysis indicate that the metals found in the sediment are related to a combination of anthropogenic inputs, specifically those originating from industrial effluents in the area under study. Based on the assessment of enrichment factor, contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, degree of contamination, ecological risk index, and pollution load index, it can be concluded that the metals examined displayed different degrees of sediment contamination, ranging from minimal to severely contaminated.

Electrocortical Reactivity during Self-Referential Processing Predicts the Development of Depression across Adolescence.

Negative attentional biases and self-schemas have been implicated in the development of depression. Research has indicated that a larger late positive potential (LPP) to negative self-referential words is associated with depression-as well as a maternal history of depression, an indicator of risk. However, it is unclear whether the LPP to self-referential words predicts the actual development of depression. The present study examined whether electrocortical reactivity during self-referential processing predicts the development of depression across adolescence. The sample consisted of 165 8 to 14-year-old girls with no lifetime history of a depressive disorder who completed the self-referential encoding task (SRET) while electroencephalography was recorded at a baseline assessment. Participants and their parent completed the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children at the baseline, 2-year, 4-year, and 6-year follow-up assessments. Results indicated that a larger LPP to negative self-referential words at baseline predicted an increased likelihood of developing chronic-intermittent depression (i.e., persistent and/or recurrent), but not non-chronic, single episode depression, across adolescence. In contrast, neither SRET recall biases nor the LPP to positive self-referential words predicted the development of either type of depression. The present study suggests that electrocortical reactivity associated with a negative self-schema in late childhood predicts the development of a more pernicious subtype of depression across adolescence. Moreover, the present study highlights the importance of considering clinical course in the examination of biomarkers of risk for depression.

Characteristics and correlation analysis of heavy metal distribution in China's freshwater aquaculture pond sediments.

The concentration of heavy metals (HMs) in aquaculture pond sediments significantly affects aquatic food safety and environmental quality. The contamination characteristics, drivers and potential sources of HMs in typical bulk freshwater aquaculture pond sediments in major provinces of China were systematically investigated using a variety of methods and models. Specifically, 130 surface sediment samples were collected from the study area, and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index (RI) were used to jointly evaluate the characteristics of the HMs. Spearman's correlation and redundancy analysis revealed the main drivers of the HMs. Additionally, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model were used to identify the sources of HMs. The results revealed that the pond sediments were safe for fish culture in most of the study areas. Aquafeed protein content is an important driver of HM concentrations in sediments. The total organic carbon (TOC) content, percentage of clay particles, and pH of the aquaculture pond sediments determined the sediment HMs enrichment abilities as 13.6 %, 52 %, and 9.8 %, respectively. Cd, a significantly enriched pollutant, posed a greater ecological risk than did the other five HMs (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb). Three sources of HMs were identified, including agricultural activity (e.g., aquafeeds, pesticides, and fertilizers), industrial production, and natural sources, with contributions of 44.29 %, 36.66 %, and 19.05 %, respectively. This study provides a scientific basis for minimizing the input and accumulation of HMs in freshwater aquaculture pond sediments, and this can provide insights into the prevention and control of the ecological risks posed by HMs.

Beyond the Initial Assault: Characterizing Revictimization in Intimate Partner Violence and Its Implications for Women's Health.

Recent research has emphasized the importance of addressing specific victim-related factors to reduce victims' vulnerability and prevent future revictimization experiences. This study aimed to analyze the vulnerability profiles of women who were victims of intimate partner violence, including those who had experienced a single incident of violence and those who had endured revictimization. Participants were 338 women with active judicial protection measures registered in the system of support for victims of gender violence (VioGén) in Madrid, Spain. The analysis considered sociodemographic characteristics, victimization history, perceived triggers of violence, women's responses and feelings, as well as clinical outcomes linked to revictimization history. The study revealed that many victims faced socioeconomic vulnerability. Furthermore, the findings underscored the intricate link between the likelihood of enduring chronic violence and women's awareness of early indicators of violence risk, their initial responses to aggression, communication skills, and recurrent behaviors in the context of an established violent dynamic. This study offers valuable insights for law enforcement to identify the risk of revictimization. Furthermore, findings raise awareness about the particularly vulnerable situation of some women to repeated victimization experiences and provide relevant information for clinical intervention.

Long-Term Improvement in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity beyond Changes in Visceral/Ectopic Fat among Men with Visceral Obesity

The SYNERGIE study documented the effects on cardiometabolic risk (CMR) indices of a 1-year lifestyle intervention targeting physical activity (PA) and diet followed by a 2-year maintenance period in men with visceral obesity. Improvements in CMR markers and a decrease in low-attenuation muscle (LAM) area were observed after 1 year. Despite a rebound in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) during the maintenance period, insulin resistance (IR) improved. We tested the hypothesis that variations in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and LAM could explain the long-term improvement in IR. A health (n = 88; mean age 49.0 ± 8.2 years) and fitness (n = 72) evaluation was performed at 0, 1, and 3 years. Participants were classified into two groups based on their CRF response over the maintenance period (worsening: CRF− vs. maintenance/improvement: CRF+). During the maintenance period, changes in the psoas and core LAM areas correlated with changes in IR (r = 0.27; p &lt; 0.05 and r = 0.34; p &lt; 0.005) and changes in CRF (r = −0.31; p &lt; 0.01 and r = −0.30; p &lt; 0.05). IR improved in the CRF+ group (p &lt; 0.05) but remained stable in the CRF− group. Men in the CRF+ group regained half of the changes in VAT volume and LAM at the psoas and mid-thigh compared to the CRF− group (p &lt; 0.05). These results support the importance of targeting VAT and CRF/PA for the long-term management of CMR in men with visceral obesity.